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The Chinese Communist government has twice invoked large-scale military might to crush popular uprisings in capital cities. The second incident—the notorious massacre in Tiananmen Square in 1989—is well known. The first, thirty years earlier in Tibet, remains little understood today. Yet in wages of destruction, bloodshed, and trampling of human rights, the tragic toll of March 1959 surpassed Tiananmen. Tibet in Agony provides the first clear historical account of the Chinese crackdown in Lhasa. Sifting facts from the distortions of propaganda and partisan politics, Jianglin Li reconstructs a chronology of events that lays to rest lingering questions about what happened in those fate-filled days and why. Her story begins with throngs of Tibetan demonstrators who—fearful that Chinese authorities were planning to abduct the Dalai Lama, their beloved leader—formed a protective ring around his palace. On the night of March 17, he fled in disguise, only to reemerge in India weeks later to set up a government in exile. But no peaceful resolution awaited Tibet. The Chinese army soon began shelling Lhasa, inflicting thousands of casualties and ravaging heritage sites in the bombardment and the infantry onslaught that followed. Unable to resist this show of force, the Tibetans capitulated, putting Mao Zedong in a position to fulfill his long-cherished dream of bringing Tibet under the Communist yoke. Li’s extensive investigation, including eyewitness interviews and examination of classified government records, tells a gripping story of a crisis whose aftershocks continue to rattle the region today.

Bstan-'dzin-rgya-mtsho, --- Tibet Autonomous Region (China) --- China --- Région autonome du Tibet (Chine) --- Chine --- History --- Relations --- Politics and government --- Histoire --- Politique et gouvernement --- S24/0500 --- Tibet--History (incl. Relations with China and England) --- Bstan-ʾdzin-rgya-mtsho, --- Uprising of 1959 (Tibet Autonomous Region, China) --- Bstan-ʼdzin-rgya-mtsho, --- Région autonome du Tibet (Chine) --- Bstan-ʾdzin-rgya-mtsho --- Ngawang Lobsang Yishey Tenzing Gyatso, --- Dalai Lama --- Dantzenjiatso, --- Tenzing Gyatso, --- Lingerh Lamutanchu, --- Dhondup, Lhamo, --- Lhamo Tondrup, --- Tondrup, Lhamo, --- Gyatso, Tenzing, --- Lamutanchu, Lingerh, --- Ta-lai la ma --- Dalai la ma --- Tan-tzêng Chia-tsʻo, --- Tenzin Gyatsho, --- Gyatsho, Tenzin, --- Tenzin Gyatso, --- Gyatso, Tenzin, --- Sakyaʼi Dge-sbyon Bstan-ʼdzin-rgya-mtsho, --- Bstan-ʼdzin-rgya-mtsho, Sakyaʼi Dge-sbyon, --- Đạt Lai Lạt Ma, --- Teng-chin-chia-shuo, --- Dengjinjiashuo, --- Tendzin Gyatso, --- Tenzin Gaytso, --- Gaytso, Tenzin, --- בּסתן־דז׳ין־רגיה־מצ׳ו, --- בסטן-ז'ין-רויא-משטו, --- ダライ ·ラマ, --- テンジン·ギャツォ, --- Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, --- Lhamo Dondrub, --- Dondrub, Lhamo, --- 丹增嘉措, --- Danzengjiacuo, --- Тензин Гяцо, --- Гяцо, Тензин, --- Tenzin Gi︠a︡t︠s︡o, --- Gi︠a︡t︠s︡o, Tenzin, --- Tändzin Gjamccho, --- Gjamccho, Tändzin, --- Džampal Ngawang Lozang Ješe Tändzin Gjamccho, --- Tendzin Gyatsho, --- Gyatsho, Tendzin, --- טנזין גיאטסו, --- גיאטסו, טנזין, --- Tenzins Gjaco, --- Gjaco, Tenzins, --- Tendzin Gyaco, --- Gyaco, Tendzin, --- Dzsepcun Dzsampal Ngagvang Loszang Jese Tendzin Gyaco, --- Тенцин Гјацо, --- Гјацо, Тенцин, --- Tencin Gjaco, --- Gjaco, Tencin, --- Tenzin Gjaco, --- Gjaco, Tenzin, --- Тензин Гјатсо, --- Гјатсо, Тензин, --- Tenzin Gjatso, --- Gjatso, Tenzin, --- Tibetan Autonomous Region (China) --- Hsi-tsang tzu chih chʻü (China) --- Xizang Zizhiqu (China) --- 西藏自治区 (China) --- Hsi-tsang tzu chih chʻü jen min cheng fu (China) --- Xizang Zizhiqu ren min zheng fu (China) --- TAR (China) --- Xizang Autonomous Region (China) --- Bod Raṅ-skyoṅ-ljoṅs (China) --- Bod (China) --- Sitsang (China) --- Tibet (China) --- Thibet (China) --- Tibet-Chamdo (China) --- Tübüt (China) --- Xizang (China) --- Tibet --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- China (Republic : 1949- ) --- Тибет (China) --- Tu̇vd (China) --- Tȯvȯd (China) --- 西藏 (China) --- HISTORY / Asia / Central Asia.

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"An untold story that reshapes our understanding of Chinese and Tibetan history. From 1956 to 1962, devastating military conflicts took place in China's southwestern and northwestern regions. Official record at the time scarcely made mention of the campaign, and in the years since only lukewarm acknowledgment of the violence has surfaced. When the Iron Bird Flies, by Jianglin Li, breaks this decades-long silence to reveal for the first time a comprehensive and explosive picture of the six years that would prove definitive in modern Tibetan and Chinese history. The CCP referred to the campaign as "suppressing the Tibetan rebellion." It would lead to the 14th Dalai Lama's exile in India, as well as the Tibetan diaspora in 1959, though the battles lasted three additional years after these events. Featuring key figures in modern Chinese history, the battles waged in this period covered a vast geographical region. This book offers a portrait of chaos, deception, heroism, and massive loss. Beyond the significant death toll across the Tibetan regions, the war also destroyed most Tibetan monasteries in a concerted effort to eradicate local religion and scholarship. Despite being considered a military success, to this day, the operations in the agricultural regions remain unknown. As large numbers of Tibetans have self-immolated in recent years to protest Chinese occupation, Li shows that the largest number of cases occurred in the sites most heavily affected by this hidden war. She argues persuasively that the events described in this book will shed more light on our current moment, and will help us understand the unrelenting struggle of the Tibetan people for their freedom"--

Tibet Autonomous Region (China) --- History